Data-Interoperable Collaborative Governance for Monitoring Indonesia's Free Nutritious Meal Program in Ambon

Authors

  • Muhtar Pattimura University, Ambon
  • Jusuf Madubun Pattimura University, Ambon
  • Mike J. Rolobessy Pattimura University, Ambon
  • Sonia Putri Humaira Marsaolly Pattimura University, Ambon
  • Aci Nadia Kabakoran Pattimura University, Ambon

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59890/ijasr.v4i7.265

Keywords:

Data Interoperability, Collaborative Governance, Monitoring Dashboard, School Meals, Ambon

Abstract

Indonesia's Free Nutritious Meal (MBG) program connects nutrition, education, health, logistics, and local economic development, yet its operational monitoring remains fragmented. This study develops a governance design for an interoperable monitoring and evaluation dashboard in Ambon City. A design-oriented qualitative case study analyzed 17 public reports published from May 2025 to April 2026, official MBG guidelines, and a research design document. Thematic coding and process-risk mapping identified recurring problems in food safety, distribution timing, target-data consistency, complaint handling, and cross-agency accountability. The study proposes a minimum dataset, actionable key performance indicators, role-based access, audit trails, and an escalation workflow. Dashboard effectiveness depends less on visualization than on shared definitions, data stewardship, and institutionalized collaborative decision-making.

References

Abraham, R., Schneider, J., & vom Brocke, J. (2019). Data governance: A conceptual framework, structured review, and research agenda. International Journal of Information Management, 49, 424-438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.07.008

Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative governance in theory and practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543-571. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum032

Badan Gizi Nasional. (2024). Pedoman umum sistem dan tata kelola Badan Gizi Nasional untuk Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (Keputusan Kepala BGN Nomor 15.1 Tahun 2024). https://www.bgn.go.id/juknis/LEP9KP-pedoman-umum-sistem-dan-tata-kelola-badan-gizi-nasional-untuk-program-makan-bergizi-gratis

Badan Gizi Nasional. (2025a). Petunjuk teknis pemilihan yayasan dan mitra yayasan dalam pengelolaan SPPG pada Program Makan Bergizi Gratis. https://www.bgn.go.id/juknis/8E9yEz-petunjuk-teknis-pemlihan-yayasan-dan-mitra-yayasan-dalam-pengelolaan-sppg-pada-program-makan-bergizi-gratis

Badan Gizi Nasional. (2025b). Petunjuk teknis tata kelola penyelenggaraan Program Makan Bergizi Gratis tahun anggaran 2026 (Keputusan Kepala BGN Nomor 401.1 Tahun 2025). https://www.bgn.go.id/juknis/lB1PKg-petunjuk-teknis-tata-kelola-penyelenggaraan-program-makan-bergizi-gratis%5D

Badan Gizi Nasional. (2025c). Pedoman sertifikasi keamanan pangan pada Satuan Pelayanan Pemenuhan Gizi. https://www.bgn.go.id/juknis/xEm8Jv-pedoman-sertifikasi-keamanan-pangan-pada-satuan-pelayanan-pemenuhan-gizi

Bryson, J. M., Crosby, B. C., & Bloomberg, L. (2014). Public value governance: Moving beyond traditional public administration and the new public management. Public Administration Review, 74(4), 445-456. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12238

Bryson, J. M., Crosby, B. C., & Stone, M. M. (2015). Designing and implementing cross-sector collaborations: Needed and challenging. Public Administration Review, 75(5), 647-663. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12432

Bundy, D. A. P., de Silva, N., Horton, S., Jamison, D. T., & Patton, G. C. (Eds.). (2018). Optimizing education outcomes: High-return investments in school health for increased participation and learning. World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0424-0

Dawes, S. S. (2010). Stewardship and usefulness: Policy principles for information-based transparency. Government Information Quarterly, 27(4), 377-383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2010.07.001

Emerson, K., Nabatchi, T., & Balogh, S. (2012). An integrative framework for collaborative governance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mur011

Gregor, S., & Hevner, A. R. (2013). Positioning and presenting design science research for maximum impact. MIS Quarterly, 37(2), 337-355. https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2013/37.2.01

Haug, N., Dan, S., & Mergel, I. (2024). Digitally-induced change in the public sector: A systematic review and research agenda. Public Management Review, 26(7), 1963-1987. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2023.2234917

Hevner, A. R., March, S. T., Park, J., & Ram, S. (2004). Design science in information systems research. MIS Quarterly, 28(1), 75-105. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148625

Khatri, V., & Brown, C. V. (2010). Designing data governance. Communications of the ACM, 53(1), 148-152. https://doi.org/10.1145/1629175.1629210

Matheus, R., Janssen, M., & Maheshwari, D. (2020). Data science empowering the public: Data-driven dashboards for transparent and accountable decision-making in smart cities. Government Information Quarterly, 37(3), 101284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2018.01.006

Mao, Z., Wu, J., Qiao, Y., & Yao, H. (2022). Government data governance framework based on a data middle platform. Aslib Journal of Information Management, 74(2), 289-310. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJIM-03-2021-0068

Mergel, I., Edelmann, N., & Haug, N. (2019). Defining digital transformation: Results from expert interviews. Government Information Quarterly, 36(4), 101385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2019.06.002

OECD. (2024). 2023 OECD Digital Government Index: Results and key findings. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/1a89ed5e-en

Ombudsman Republik Indonesia. (2025, October 23). Tinjau distribusi MBG, Ombudsman RI kunjungi sekolah di Ambon. https://ombudsman.go.id/news/r/tinjau-distribusi-mbg-ombudsman-ri-kunjungi-sekolah-di-ambon

Peffers, K., Tuunanen, T., Rothenberger, M. A., & Chatterjee, S. (2007). A design science research methodology for information systems research. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24(3), 45-77. https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222240302

Pelita Maluku. (2026, February 13). Sidak mendadak, Wakil Walikota Ambon temukan makanan kedaluwarsa di dapur MBG. https://pelitamaluku.com/sidak-mendadak-wakil-walikota-ambon-temukan-makanan-kedaluwarsa-di-dapur-mbg-detail-461728.html

Schulze, A., Brand, F., Geppert, J., & Böl, G.-F. (2023). Digital dashboards visualizing public health data: A systematic review. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 999958. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.999958

Sorensen, E., & Torfing, J. (2021). Accountable government through collaborative governance? Administrative Sciences, 11(4), 127. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci11040127

Tangi, L., Janssen, M., Benedetti, M., & Noci, G. (2021). Digital government transformation: A structural equation modelling analysis of driving and impeding factors. International Journal of Information Management, 60, 102356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102356

Teras Maluku. (2026, March 5). Pemkot Ambon evaluasi pengelolaan MBG bersama BGN: Walikota, harus berdampak untuk perekonomian. https://terasmaluku.com/ambonku/pemkot-ambon-evaluasi-pengelolaan-mbg-bersama-bgn-walikota-harus-berdampak-untuk-perekonomian/

Wall, C., Tolar-Peterson, T., Reeder, N., Roberts, M., Reynolds, A., & Rico Mendez, G. (2022). The impact of school meal programs on educational outcomes in African schoolchildren: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(6), 3666. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063666

Published

2026-07-29

Issue

Section

Articles